Effect of a Rapeseed Oil Substituting Diet on Serum Lipids and Lipoproteins
Short summary:
Familial Hypercholesterolemia Original Research Effect of a Rapeseed Oil Substituting Diet on Serum Lipids and Lipoproteins in Children and Adolescents with Familial ...
Long summary:
Effect of a Rapeseed Oil Substituting Diet on Serum Lipids and Lipoproteins in Children and Adolescents with Familial Hypercholesterolemia Original Research Effect of a Rapeseed Oil Substituting Diet on Serum Lipids and Lipoproteins in Children and Adolescents with Familial Hypercholesterolemia Talin Gulesserian, MD, and Kurt Widhalm, MD Department of Pediatrics, University of Vienna, Vienna, AUSTRIA Key words: familial hypercholesterolemia, rapeseed oil, monounsaturated fatty acids, cholesterol, triglycerides, children, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol Objective: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a predominantly inherited disorder, which contributes to a defect of the LDL-cholesterol receptor. For adults with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), it is known that a supplementary diet of monounsaturated fatty acids reduces elevated levels of total cholesterol and LDLcholesterol and may further increase HDL-cholesterol. In particular the reduced intake of dietary fat reduces total serum cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in the range of 10% to 15% and inhibits LDL-oxidation. Once the diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia is made in early childhood a supplementary diet with rapeseed oil should be started as early as possible to prevent development of atherosclerosis and subsequent complications. So far there are no reports of a lipid lowering diet enriched with rapeseed oil in children and adolescents. Methods: Seventeen children and young adolescents (male 6, female 11, ages 4 to 19 years) diagnosed with FH were enrolled in this study. They received dietary training and a classical low fat/low cholesterol diet enriched with rapeseed oil over five months. In the first two months they received orally mean 15 g/day (8 23 g/day), for the remaining three months mean 22 g/day (1530 g/day) rapeseed oil. The calculation of the three-days dietary protocols showed the following characteristics: 29.5% calories from fat, 14.3% calories from protein and 54.6% calories from carbohydrates. The subjects had six sessions of dietary counseling, and serum lipids levels and lipoprotein(a) were estimated; each months diet adherence was controlled by a dietitian and discussed with the patients and their families during this five-month study. Results: During five months of rapeseed oil diet serum triglycerides decreased by 29% (119.2 62.8 mg/dL vs. 84.9 mean 39.7 mg/dL), VLDL-cholesterol by 27% (23 12 mg/dL vs. 17 8 mg/dL), total cholesterol by 10% (233 35 mg/dL vs. 213 36 mg/dL), LDL-cholesterol by 7% (151 31 mg/dL vs. 142 31 mg/dL). HDL-cholesterol (59 15 mg/dL vs. 57 11 mg/dL) and Lp(a) (29.8 36.3 mg/dL vs. 32.6 40.7 mg/dL) were not changed significantly. The diet was well accepted; in most families a sustained change was reported. Conclusions: Our results indicate that in children and adolescents with FH a lipid-lowering diet with rapeseed oil has a similar effect on total serum cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol compared to classical cholesterol reduction diets ...
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